Voice Change

1.Introduction to Voice

Voice refers to the form of a verb that shows whether the subject performs the action or receives the action.

Active Voice: The subject does the action.

Passive Voice: The subject receives the action.

Why Voice is Important?

Helps in clear sentence construction.

2.Structure of Active and Passive Voice
Active Voice Structure:

Subject + Verb + Object

Passive Voice Structure:

Object + (be) + Past Participle (V3) + by + Subject

Example:

Active: The teacher teaches English.

Passive: English is taught by the teacher.

3.Rules for Changing Active to Passive Voice
Step-by-Step Process:

Identify the subject, verb, and object.

Move the object to the subject position.

Change the verb into be + V3 form.

Change the tense appropriately.

Add by + agent (subject of the active sentence) if necessary.

Adjust pronouns.

3.Passive Voice for All Tenses
A. Present Tense
1. Simple Present

Active: Subject + V1 + object Passive: Object + is/am/are + V3 + (by subject)

Example:

She writes a letter. → A letter is written by her.

2. Present Continuous

Passive: Object + is/am/are + being + V3

Example:

He is cleaning the room. → The room is being cleaned by him.

3. Present Perfect

Passive: Object + has/have been + V3

Example:

They have completed the work. → The work has been completed.

B. Past Tense
1. Simple Past

Passive: Object + was/were + V3
Example:
She sang a song. 
→ A song was sung by her.

2. Past Continuous
Passive: Object + was/were + being + V3
Example:
They were building a house. 
→ A house was being built by them.

3. Past Perfect
Passive: Object + had been + V3
Example:
He had finished the task. 
→ The task had been finished.

C. Future Tense
1. Simple Future
Passive: Object + will be + V3
Example:
He will write a book. 
→ A book will be written by him.

2. Future Perfect
Passive: Object + will have been + V3
Example:
They will have completed the project. 
→ The project will have been completed.

👉Future continuous does not have a passive form.
5. Passive Voice for Other Forms
A. Imperatives (Commands/Requests)

Simple command:

Active: Close the door.

Passive: Let the door be closed.

Request:

Active: Please help me.

Passive: You are requested to help me.

Advice:

Active: Work hard.

Passive: You are advised to work hard.

B.Modal Verbs

Modal + be + V3

Examples:

She can do it. → It can be done by her.

You must follow the rules. → The rules must be followed.

C. Infinitives (to + verb)

Passive: to be + V3

Example:

I want to help you. → I want you to be helped.

D. Gerunds (V+ing)

Passive: being + V3

Example:

I remember him kicking the ball. → I remember the ball being kicked by him.

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